Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center

Rectal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the rectum.
Health history affects the risk of developing rectal cancer.
Signs of rectal cancer include a change in bowel habits or blood in the stool.
Tests that examine the rectum and colon are used to diagnose rectal cancer.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Prostate cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the prostate.
Signs of prostate cancer include a weak flow of urine or frequent urination.
Tests that examine the prostate and blood are used to diagnose prostate cancer.
A biopsy is done to diagnose prostate cancer and find out the grade of the cancer (Gleason score).
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

A pituitary tumor is a growth of abnormal cells in the tissues of the pituitary gland.
The pituitary gland hormones control many other glands in the body.
Having certain genetic conditions increases the risk of developing a pituitary tumor.
Signs of a pituitary tumor include problems with vision and certain physical changes.
Imaging studies and tests that examine the blood and urine are used to diagnose a pituitary tumor.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Penile cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the penis.
Human papillomavirus infection may increase the risk of developing penile cancer.
Signs of penile cancer include sores, discharge, and bleeding.
Tests that examine the penis are used to diagnose penile cancer.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Parathyroid cancer is a rare disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of a parathyroid gland.
Having certain inherited disorders can increase the risk of developing parathyroid cancer.
Signs and symptoms of parathyroid cancer include weakness, feeling tired, and a lump in the neck.
Tests that examine the neck and blood are used to diagnose parathyroid cancer.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity.
Different types of cells in the paranasal sinus and nasal cavity may become malignant.
Being exposed to certain chemicals or dust in the workplace can increase the risk of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer.
Signs and symptoms of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer include sinus problems and nosebleeds.
Tests that examine the sinuses and nasal cavity are used to diagnose paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancer.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Pancreatic cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the pancreas.
Smoking and health history can affect the risk of pancreatic cancer.
Signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer include jaundice, pain, and weight loss.
Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose early.
Tests that examine the pancreas are used to diagnose and stage pancreatic cancer.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Ovarian epithelial cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer are diseases in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissue covering the ovary or lining the fallopian tube or peritoneum.
Ovarian epithelial cancer, fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer form in the same type of tissue and are treated the same way.
Women who have a family history of ovarian cancer are at an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
Some ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers are caused by inherited gene mutations (changes).
Women with an increased risk of ovarian cancer may consider surgery to lessen the risk.
Signs and symptoms of ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer include pain or swelling in the abdomen.
Tests that examine the ovaries and pelvic area are used to diagnose and stage ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancer.
Certain factors affect treatment options and prognosis (chance of recovery).

Oropharyngeal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the oropharynx.
Smoking or being infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) can increase the risk of oropharyngeal cancer.
Signs and symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer include a lump in the neck and a sore throat.
Tests that examine the mouth and throat are used to diagnose and stage oropharyngeal cancer.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the lymph system.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma can be indolent or aggressive.
Older age, being male, and having a weakened immune system can increase the risk of adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Signs and symptoms of adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma include swollen lymph nodes, fever, drenching night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue.
Tests that examine the lymph system and other parts of the body are used to diagnose and stage adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options.